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The key is to draw a line between AI architecture and AI applications.
The Republican party is facing internal tension regarding AI regulation, with some advocating for minimal government intervention while populists press for controls to safeguard jobs and families. This policy divide is critical because public apprehension about disruptive technology could lead to populist movements, which might be exploited by Democrats if the GOP fails to address these concerns effectively.
Despite political pressures, maintaining a leading edge in AI is vital for U.S. national interests, including technological innovation, national defense, and industrial growth, particularly in competition with strategic rivals like China. Policymakers must cultivate public support for a regulatory framework that both promotes AI innovation and mitigates its potential negative impacts.
A pragmatic AI policy could differentiate between AI's core architecture (such as training models and structure) and its diverse applications. Federal regulation is most suitable for AI architecture to ensure consistent national safeguards and prevent a fragmented regulatory landscape that could impede innovation. In contrast, state and local governments could regulate AI applications, for instance, requiring disclosure in medical interactions or banning sexually explicit deepfakes, without hindering fundamental AI development.
The rapid expansion of AI infrastructure, notably data centers, is raising local concerns about increased energy costs and environmental impacts, especially regarding water consumption for cooling. A comprehensive federal pro-energy strategy could help alleviate these issues and prevent local opposition. Establishing a sustainable public consensus for tech policy involves balancing economic growth with the well-being of individuals, families, and local communities, which is crucial for the Republican Party's future alignment.